Close collaboration ensures carmakers will stay in control, says Google

In the early years of the smartphone, app developers had a problem: many phone manufacturers used proprietary software, using many types and variations of operating systems. Symbian, Java and BlackBerry were just some of the names developers had to work with. Building for so many systems robbed developers of valuable time for innovation. The rise of Android and iOS has changed this. Nearly all smartphones now rely on one or the other, with many manufacturers turning to Google’s Android to compete with Apple’s iOS.