GHG Phase II investment ‘almost impossible to quantify’

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) issued the final greenhouse gas (GHG) Phase II rules to govern heavy-duty vehicle (HDV) emissions in August 2016. These are expected to provide between US$117.3bn and US$196.5bn worth of savings, the bulk of which is attributed to fuel efficiency improvements.

However, initial investment in technologies could prove costly, and payback may be difficult to measure accurately.