What way for modern electric vehicle thermal management?

In the world of electric vehicles (EV), things are getting very real. Despite the financial uncertainty brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic, EU registrations of new battery EVs and plug-in hybrids (PHEVs) more than doubled over 2020 compared with 2019, from 575,000 units to 1.42 million units. This accounts for 12% of all new passenger vehicle sales, despite higher showroom prices. Driving this was VW and the release of the MEB architecture-based ID.3, a full EV which in December 2020 was Europe’s second best-selling vehicle, narrowly beating Tesla’s Model 3.